Analysis of Surge and Swab ECD of Herschel Bulkley Fluids in Rumaila Iraqi Oil Field
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31699/IJCPE.2024.1.14Keywords:
surge, swab, ECD, kick, lost circulation, tripping speed, Herschel BulkleyAbstract
Surge and swab pressures are frequently produced during various stages of well construction, including casing running and tripping operations. Managing downhole pressure within the mud window is crucial for mitigating the risks associated with drilling operations including wellbore failure, lost circulation, kicks, and well control issues. The primary objectives of this study are to emphasize the theoretical foundation of surge and swab pressures, forecast the optimum pipe and casing tripping speeds, as well as identify the changes in surge and swab pressures (i.e., equivalent circulating density-ECD) for both open-ended and close-ended drill strings. To achieve these goals, a steady state surge and swab model was used to simulate a case study in the Rumaila oil field, located in Southern Iraq, by utilizing landmark-well plan software. The results of this study support the evidence that the string trip speed plays a substantial role in controlling the swab and surge pressures. It was found that pulling out the 5" drill string from the 12 1/4" open hole section drilled with a 9.51 ppg water-based mud at a speed of 10 sec/stand resulted in a swab ECD below the formation pore pressure against all formations, thus resulting in a kick. Moreover, it was found that the annular clearance had a significant impact on the surge and swab ECD whereas the surge ECD at the bit was bigger than that obtained at the previous hole casing shoe. For example, in our case study pulling speeds ranging from 10-190 sec/stand for the 9 5/8" casing could cause the swab ECD to be below the formation pore pressure gradient at total depth (TD), which is 9.23 ppg. While it was safe to run the same casing through the same interval within 55-190 sec/stand. Furthermore, the results emphasized high trip speeds ranging between 10-30 sec/stand, where for close-ended drill strings, greater surge ECD was observed compared to the open-ended ones. The surge ECD of a 5" close-ended drill string at 30 sec/stand (60 m/min) at bit was 9.92 ppg, while an open-ended string at the same speed was 9.9 ppg.
References
U. Mme and P. Skalle, “Effects of mud properties, hole size, drill string tripping speed and configurations on swab and surge pressure magnitude during drilling operations,” International Journal of Petroleum Science and Technology, pp. 143+, 2012.
A. A. Alhaleem, “Study the efficiency of drilling with casing operation in an Iraqi oil field,” Iraqi Journal of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 47–52, 2016. https://doi.org/10.31699/IJCPE.2016.2.6
J. Shi, B. Yu, X. Song, and Y. Guo, “Research on the law of surge pressure during tripping of HTHP wells under the influence of tool joints,” Energies, vol. 15, no. 23, p. 8943, 2022. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15238943
A. H. Assi, “Swab – surge pressure investigation, and the influence factors, prediction and calculation (review),” Iraqi Journal of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 141–147, 2023. https://doi.org/10.31699/IJCPE.2023.3.14
A. K. Al-Delfi, F. H. M. Al-Mahdawi, Y. Mukhtar, and Y. Eltahir Bagadi, “Experimental study to investigate the effect of polyacrylamide gel to reduce the lost circulation,” Iraqi Journal of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 79–88, 2023. https://doi.org/10.31699/IJCPE.2023.1.9
S. Khudhair and F. H. M. Al-Mahdawi, “Optimization of drilling well design: A review,” Iraqi Journal of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 91–99, 2022. https://doi.org/10.31699/IJCPE.2022.4.11
S. S. Hadi, “Modeling of Surge and Swab Pressure,” POLITECNICO DI TORINO, 2021.
F. Cresp and R. Ahmed, “A simplified surge and swab pressure model for yield power law fluids,” Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, vol. 12, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2012.10.001
V. Tikhonov, O. Bukashkina, V. Liapidevskii, and L. Ring, “Development of model and software for simulation of surge-swab process at drilling (Russian),” in SPE Russian Petroleum Technology Conference and Exhibition, 2016. https://doi.org/10.2118/181933-MS
A. M. Al-Abduljabbar, M. E. Hossain, S. A. Gharbi, and M. Al-Rubaii, “Optimization of tripping speed to minimize surge & swab pressure,” in Day 3, 2018. https://doi.org/10.2118/189331-MS
K. M. H. Talleraas, “Surge and Swab Simulations,” Norwegian University of Science and Technology NTNU, Jan, 2019.
R. Pilgrim and S. Butt, “Mitigating surge and swab by changing tripping from a batch to a continuous process,” in Day 2, 2022. https://doi.org/10.2118/208923-MS
Z. A. Al- Humaidan, M. H. Al-Jaberi, H. K. Al-Mayyahi, and Z. A. Al-Mutouri, “Study of light and heavy minerals and their effect on oil aggregation in the Zubair formation for the Rumaila oil field in southern Iraq,” Iraqi Journal of Science, pp. 3789–3803, 2022. https://doi.org/10.24996/ijs.2022.63.9.12
M. S.Al jawad and G. N S Jreou, “Application of neural network in the identification of the cumulative production from AB unit in main pays reservoir of South Rumaila Oil Field,” Iraqi Journal of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 37–46, 2009. https://doi.org/10.31699/IJCPE.2009.2.6
W. H. ALateya, A. M. Handhal, and H. A. Hashem, “Prediction of porosity of the Zubair reservoir at Rumaila oil field, Southern Iraq, using the seismic inversion technique,” in Conference Proceedings of The First Virtual Conference of Al-Amarah University College On Oil And Gas-2022: AUCOGC2022 Conference Proceedings (Feb 01-02, 2022), 2023. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0143531
A. Salih and H. A. Abdul Hussein, “Artificial intelligent models for detection and prediction of lost circulation events: A review,” Iraqi Journal of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 81–90, 2022. https://doi.org/10.31699/IJCPE.2022.4.10
H. A. Neamah and A. A. A. A.Alrazzaq, “Torque and drag forces problems in highly deviated oil well,” Iraqi Journal of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 19–31, 2018. https://doi.org/10.31699/IJCPE.2018.3.3
F. Hadi, A. Noori, H. Hussein, and A. Khudhair, “Development of new models to determine the rheological parameters of water-based drilling fluid using artificial neural networks,” Iraqi Geological Journal, vol. 55, no. 1C, pp. 66–79, 2022. https://doi.org/10.46717/igj.55.1C.6Ms-2022-03-25
M. A. Muherei, “Common versus Herschel-Bulkley drilling fluid models: Effect of their rheological parameters on dynamic particle settling velocity,” ASRJETS-Journal, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 155–177, 2016.
H. H. Alkinani, “A comprehensive analysis of lost circulation materials and treatments with applications in Basra’s oil fields, Iraq: Guidelines and recommendations,” Missouri University of Science and Technology, 2017.
T. Tan, H. Zhang, X. Ma, and Y. Chen, “Study on the surge-swab pressure considering the effect of the cutting plug in shale drilling,” Geofluids, vol. 2021, pp. 1–15, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/9446293
A. K. AlHusseini and S. M. Hamed-Allah, “Estimation pore and fracture pressure based on log data; Case study: Mishrif formation/Buzurgan oilfield at Iraq,” Iraqi Journal of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 65–78, 2023. https://doi.org/10.31699/IJCPE.2023.1.8
H. Steer, F. Hadi, and A. Ellafi, “2D and 3D modeling of rock mechanical properties of Khasib formation in East Baghdad oil field,” Iraqi Journal of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 33–43, 2023. https://doi.org/10.31699/IJCPE.2023.3.4
Z. Bashara, F. Hadi, and M. Kasing, “Interpretation of mud losses in carbonates based on cuttings description, well-logging, seismic and coherency data,” Iraqi Journal of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 17–30, 2023. https://doi.org/10.31699/IJCPE.2023.4.2
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 The Author(s). Published by College of Engineering, University of Baghdad.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
